Translations of Foreign Words and Phrases

Commonly Found on Area Gravestones

Expression Language Translation
Aar or årNorwegianYear, years
AlderNorwegianAge
AlterGermanAge
BratPolishBrother
CiotkaPolishAunt
CórkaPolishDaughter
DceraCzechDaughter
DødNorwegianDied
Født (i Norge, Sverige, Danmark)NorwegianBorn (in Norway, Sweden, Denmark)
Frau, Gattin (von)GermanWife (of)
Geb. or geborenGermanBorn
Gest. or gestorbenGermanDied
Herunder hviler støvet afNorwegianHere lie the remains of
Hustru or KoneNorwegianWife
Hvile i fredNorwegianRest in peace
JahrenGermanYears
KochaniPolishBeloved
MandNorwegianHusband
MannGermanHusband
MatkaPolish, CzechMother
MazPolishHusband
MutterGermanMother
NarodilCzechBorn
NieboszczykPolishDeceased; dead person
OjciecPolishFather
OtecCzechFather
Prosi o zdrowas MaryaPolishAsks a Hail Mary
Przezyl(a) xx latPolishLived xx years
RodzicePolishParents; father and mother
RokuCzechYears
Ruhe in FriedenGermanRest in Peace
S.P. = Swienty PamiancyPolishBlessed memory
Salige ere de døde som dø i HerrenNorwegianBlessed are the dead who die in the Lord (Rev. 14:13)
SiostraPolishSister
SynPolish, CzechSon
Spoczywa w pokojuPolishRest in peace
TanteGerman, NorwegianAunt
Tochter, Sohn (von)GermanDaughter, Son (of)
Tu spoczywaPolishHere lies (rests)
Umarla or Um.PolishDied
Urodzil or Ur.PolishBorn
V stariCzechAt the age of
VaterGermanFather
W wieku xx latPolishAt the age of xx years
Zde lezeCzechHere lies
ZemrelCzechDied
ZonaPolishWife
ZwlokiPolishDead body

Month Names in Various Languages

English Polish German Czech Norwegian
JanuaryStyczenJanuarLedenJanuar
FebruaryLutyFebruarUnorFebruar
MarchMarzecMärzBrezenMars
AprilKwiecienAprilDubenApril
MayMajMaiKvetenMai
JuneCzerwiecJuniCervenJuni
JulyLipiecJuliCervenecJuli
AugustSierpienAugustSrpenAugust
SeptemberWrzesienSeptemberZariSeptember
OctoberPazdziernikOktoberRijenOktober
NovemberListopadNovemberListopadNovember
DecemberGrudzienDezemberProsinecDesember

"Norwegian" includes Danish and to some extent Swedish. Spellings may vary, especially with Norwegian inscriptions, because of the numerous dialects represented. Polish inscriptions may appear with or without diacritical marks.

In most European languages, month names are not capitalized.